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[¥Í¬¡­^»y] »X®RÄR²ïÁ`¬O¬ÝµÛ§A? Art That Stares Back

»X®RÄR²ïÁ`¬O¬ÝµÛ§A? Art That Stares Back


§@ªÌ Angus Bain

¥»¹Ï¤å¥X³Bhttps://www.ivy.com.tw/newsLetter/analysis_cont/2022062414032235444

MP3https://www.dropbox.com/s/1vv5s8gqeqtpycj/%E8%92%99%E5%A8%9C%E9%BA%97%E8%8E%8E%E7%B8%BD%E6%98%AF%E7%9C%8B%E8%91%97%E4%BD%A0.rar?dl=0
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¥Ø¿ý / Tips & Analysis / ¤¤¤å½Ķ(& µª®×)
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         Have you ever looked into the eyes of a person in a portrait hanging on the wall and had the eerie feeling that they were staring right back at you? Even when you walk around the room, their watchful gaze __1__ your every move. This phenomenon has actually been confirmed as a __2__ illusion with a scientific explanation. Long ago, it was given the term the ¡§Mona Lisa effect¡¨ after the masterpiece by Leonardo da Vinci.

         It occurs when the person portrayed in the picture has their gaze set at a zero-degree angle¡Xlooking directly ahead, that is. This would be the same as when a person looks straight into the camera lens when they have their __3__ taken. Even if there¡¦s a slightly sideward glance to the left or right of 5¢X or less, you¡¦ll still have the __4__ feeling that the person in the picture is looking you right in the eye.

         Due to the name of the phenomenon, it would be natural to __5__ that it applies to the actual Mona Lisa itself. Ironically, however, this isn¡¦t the case. In a 2019 study, researchers at Bielefeld University in Germany had 24 subjects look at __6__ of the Mona Lisa on a computer screen. They did so from different distances and angles and made over 2,000 __7__ in total. Interestingly, all of them indicated that she was not gazing directly at them. Instead, they found that her gaze was directed to their right-hand side.

         This actually __8__ perfect sense. The Mona Lisa¡¦s angle of gaze does not fall within the 0¢X to 5¢X limit required to experience the phenomenon. Rather, her gaze is set at over 15¢X, which is well outside the __9__ necessary to experience the effect bearing her name. So why is this phenomenon named after her even though the painting doesn¡¦t even __10__ the illusion? Perhaps it is because the people who first coined the term simply thought it was a cool name.



(A) exhibit (B) makes (C) infer (D) images (E) follows

(F) bizarre (G) assessments (H) photograph ( I ) legitimate (J) margin



µª®×: 1.E 2.I 3.H 4.F 5.C 6.D 7.G 8.B 9.J 10.A




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Words in Use
¡´
make [mek]

vt. °µ¡A»s§@;¨Ï±o;»°¨ì¡A¨ì¹F
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follow [£¿fɑlo]

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bear [bÈ÷r]

vt. §Ô¨ü;¥Í(¤p«Ä);µ²(ªG¹ê)
n. ºµ
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photograph [£¿fotə͵græf]

n. ·Ó¤ù¡]= photo [ `foto ]¡^
vt. ©çÄá¡A·Ó¬Û
¡´
image [£¿ÈþmÈþdʒ]

n. §Î¶H¡F·N¶H¡F¼v¹³¡A¹Ï¹³
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indicate [£¿Èþndə͵ket]

vt. Åã¥Ü¡Aªí©ú
¡´
bizarre [bÈþ£¿zɑr]

a. ©_©Çªº
¡´
illusion [Èþ£¿ljuʒən]

n. ¿ù»~ªºÆ[©À¡F¿ùı¡A¤Ûı
¡´
exhibit [Èþg£¿zÈþbÈþt]

.vt. Åã¥Ü¡A²{¥X¡F®i¥Ü
vi. ®i¥Ü
n. ®iÄý·|
¡´
gaze [gez]

vi. & n. ¾®µø¡Aª`µø
¡´
margin [£¿mɑrdʒÈþn]

n. ­¶ÃäªÅ¥Õ¡FÃä½t¡F§Q¼í¡F®t¼Æ
¡´
portray [por£¿tre]

.vt. ´y­z¡A´yø
¡´
assessment [ə£¿sÈ÷smənt]

n. µû¦ô
¡´
legitimate [lə£¿dʒÈþtəmət]

a. ¦X²zªº ; ¦Xªkªº ; ¦Xªk±B¥Íªº
¡´
masterpiece [£¿mæstɚ͵pis]

n. ³Ç§@
¡´
confirm [kən£¿fɝm]

vt. ½T»{¡FÃÒ¹ê
¡´
glance [glæns]

¡´
infer [Èþn£¿fɝ]

vt. . ±À½×
¡´
portrait [£¿portret]

n. ¨v¹³¡Aµe¹³
¡´
ironically [aÈþ£¿rɑnÈþklÈþ]

adv. ¿Ø¨ë¦a
¡´
eerie [£¿ÈþrÈþ]
a. ©Ç²§¦Ó¥O¤H®£Äߪº
¡´
watchful [£¿wɑtÈõfəl]
a. ª`·Nªº
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sideward [£¿saÈþdwɚd]
a. ¦V®ÇÃ䪺
Practical Phrases
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apply to... ¾A¥Î©ó¡K¡K
The first half of the questionnaire applies only to graduate students.
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¡´
be (not) the case ±¡ªp¡]¤£¡^¬O¦p¦¹
Life for the Johnsons is easier now, but that wasn¡¦t the case a few years ago.
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If what Peter said is the case, you will have to be more careful.
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¡´
look sb right in the eye ª½µø¬Y¤H
Tim looked Mandy right in the eye and told her he loved her.
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Tips & Analysis


1. Even when you walk around the room, their watchful gaze follows your every move.

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a. ªÅ®æ«e¦³¦Wµüµü²Õ their watchful gaze(¥L­Ì ªº¥Ø¥ú)¡A¦ÓªÅ®æ«á¥ç¦³¦Wµüµü²Õ your every move(§Aªº¤@Á|¤@°Ê)¡A¬Gª¾ªÅ®æÀ³¸m¤J²Ä¤T¤H ºÙ³æ¼Æ¤Îª«°Êµü¡C

b. ¿ï¶µ¤¤¦³ (B) makes ¤Î (E) follows ²Å¦X±ø¥ó¡A ®Ú¾Ú»y·N¡A§Y¨Ï·í§A¦b©Ð¶¡¸Ì¨«¨Ó¨«¥h¡A¨v¹³¤¤ ªº¤Hªº¥Ø¥ú¤]·|¡u¸òÀH¡v§Aªº¤@Á|¤@°Ê¡A¥iª¾µª®×À³¿ï (E)¡C

2. This phenomenon has actually been confirmed as a legitimate illusion with a scientific explanation.

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a. ªÅ®æ«e¦³¤£©w«aµü a¡A¦ÓªÅ®æ«á¦³¦Wµü illusion (¿ùı)¡A¬Gª¾ªÅ®æÀ³¸m¤J§Î®eµü¥H­×¹¢ illusion¡C

b. ¿ï¶µ¤¤¦³ (F) bizarre ¤Î (I) legitimate ²Å¦X±ø ¥ó¡A®Ú¾Ú»y·N¡A¹Ï¤¤¨v¹³¥Ø¥ú¸òÀH§Aªº¤@Á|¤@°Ê ³oºØ²{¶H¡A³QÃҹꬰ¤@ºØ¦³¬ì¾Ç¸ÑÄÀªº¡u¦X²z¡v¿ùı¡A¥iª¾µª®×À³¿ï (I)¡C

3. This would be the same as when a person looks straight into the camera lens when they have their photograph taken.

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a. ªÅ®æ«e¦³©Ò¦³®æ their¡AªÅ®æ«á¦³¹L¥h¤Àµü taken¡A ¬Gª¾ªÅ®æÀ³¸m¤J¦Wµü¡C

b. ³Ñ¾l¿ï¶µ¤¤°£ (B) makes¡B(C) infer ¤Î (F) bizarre ¥~¬Ò²Å¦X±ø¥ó¡A®Ú¾Ú»y·N¡A´N¹³¤@­Ó¤H¦b ¡u©ç·Ó¡v®Éª½µø¬Û¾÷ÃèÀY¤@¼Ë¡A¥iª¾µª®×À³¿ï (H) photograph¡A¸m¤J«á¥ç²Å¦X ¡§take a photograph¡¨ªº¥Îªk¡C

4. Even if there¡¦s a slightly sideward glance to the left or right of 5¢X or less, you¡¦ll still have the bizarre feeling that the person in the picture is looking you right in the eye.

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a. ªÅ®æ«e¦³©w«aµü the¡A¦ÓªÅ®æ«á¦³¦Wµü feeling(·P ı)¡A¬Gª¾ªÅ®æÀ³¸m¤J§Î®eµü¥H­×¹¢ feeling¡C

b. ¿ï¶µ¤¤¶È³Ñ (F) bizarre ²Å¦X±ø¥ó¡A¸m¤J«áªí§Y¨Ï ¹Ï¤ù¤¤¤Hª«ªºµø½uµy·L¦V¥ª©Î¦V¥k¬Ý¤­«×©Î§ó¤pªº ¨¤«×¡A§A¤´µM·|¦³·Ó¤ù¤¤ªº¤H¥¿ª½µø§Aªº¡u©Ç²§¡v ·Pı¡A¬G¿ï¤§¡C

5. Due to the name of the phenomenon, it would be natural to infer that it applies to the actual Mona Lisa itself.

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a. ªÅ®æ«e¦³¤Þ¾É¤£©wµü¤ù»yªº to¡A¦ÓªÅ®æ«á¦³ that ¤Þ¾Éªº¦Wµü¤l¥y¡A¬Gª¾ªÅ®æÀ³¸m¤J­ì§Î¤Îª«°Êµü¡C

b. ¿ï¶µ¤¤©|¦³ (A) exhibit ¤Î (C) infer ²Å¦X±ø¥ó¡A®Ú ¾Ú»y·N¡A¥Ñ©ó¦¹²{¶Hªº¦WºÙ¡A¥i¥H¦ÛµM¦a¡u±ÀÂ_¡v ¥¦¾A¥Î©ó¹ê»Úªº¡m»X®RÄR²ï¡n¥»¨­¡A¥iª¾µª®×À³¿ï (C)¡C

6. In a 2019 study, researchers at Bielefeld University in Germany had 24 subjects look at images of the Mona Lisa on a computer screen.

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a. ªÅ®æ«e¦³¤¶µü at¡A¦ÓªÅ®æ«á¥ç¦³¤¶µü of¡A¬Gª¾ªÅ®æÀ³¸m¤J¦Wµü¡C

b. ³Ñ¾l¿ï¶µ¤¤°£ (B) makes ¥~¬Ò²Å¦X±ø¥ó¡A®Ú¾Ú»y ·N¡A¦b 2019 ¦~ªº¤@¶µ¬ã¨s¤¤¡A¼w°ê¤ñ°Ç¶Oº¸¼w ¤j¾Çªº¬ã¨s¤H­ûÅý¤G¤Q¥|¦W¨ü¸ÕªÌÆ[¬Ý¦b¹q¸£¿Ã ¹õ¤Wªº¡m»X®RÄR²ï¡n¡u¹Ï¹³¡v¡A¥iª¾µª®×À³¿ï (D) images¡C

7. They did so from different distances and angles and made over 2,000 assessments in total.

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a. ªÅ®æ«e¦³¼Æ¦r 2,000¡A¦ÓªÅ®æ«á¦³¤¶µü in¡A¬Gª¾ªÅ ®æÀ³¸m¤J½Æ¼Æ¦Wµü¡C

b. ¿ï¶µ¤¤¶È³Ñ (G) assessments ²Å¦X±ø¥ó¡A¸m¤J«á ªí¬ã¨s¤H­ûÅý¤G¤Q¥|¦W¨ü¸ÕªÌ±q¤£¦Pªº¶ZÂ÷©M¨¤«× Æ[¬Ý¹q¸£¿Ã¹õ¤Wªº¡m»X®RÄR²ï¡n¹Ï¹³¡AÁ`¦@¶i¦æ¤F ¨â¤d¦h¦¸ªº¡uµû¦ô¡v¡A¬G¿ï¤§¡C

8. This actually makes perfect sense.

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a. ªÅ®æ«e¦³«ü¥Ü¥N¦Wµü This ¤Î°Æµü »Ú¤W)¡A¦ÓªÅ®æ«á¦³¦Wµüµü²Õ perfect sense(§¹ ¬üªº·N¸q)¡A¬Gª¾ªÅ®æÀ³¸m¤J²Ä¤T¤HºÙ³æ¼Æ¤Îª«°Ê µü¡C

b. ¿ï¶µ¤¤¶È³Ñ (B) makes ²Å¦X±ø¥ó¡A¸m¤J«áªí³o ¹ê»Ú¤W§¹¥þ¦X²z¡A¬G¿ï¤§¡A¸m¤J«á¥ç²Å¦X ¡§make sense¡¨ ªº¥Îªk¡C

9. Rather, her gaze is set at over 15¢X, which is well outside the margin necessary to experience the effect bearing her name.

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a. ªÅ®æ«e¦³©w«aµü the¡A¦ÓªÅ®æ«á¦³¬Ù²¤Ãö«Y¥N¦Wµü (which / that)¤Î be °Êµüªº§Î®eµü¤l¥y¡A¬Gª¾ªÅ®æÀ³¸m¤J¦Wµü¥H§@¬°¸Ó§Î®eµü¤l¥yªº¥ý¦æµü¡C

b. ³Ñ¾l¿ï¶µ¬Ò²Å¦X±ø¥ó¡A®Ú¾Ú»y·N¡A¡m»X®RÄR²ï¡nªº ¾®µø¬O³]¦b¤Q¤­«×¥H¤W¡A³o»·»·¶W¥X¤FÅéÅç¥H¨ä ¦W¦r©R¦Wªº®ÄÀ³©Ò»Ýªº¡u¬É­­¡v¡A¥iª¾µª®×À³¿ï(J) margin¡C

10. So why is this phenomenon named after her even though the painting doesn¡¦t even exhibit the illusion?

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a.ªÅ®æ«e¦³§U°Êµü doesn¡¦t¡A¦ÓªÅ®æ«á¦³¦Wµüµü²Õ the illusion(¿ùı)¡A¬Gª¾ªÅ®æÀ³¸m¤J­ì§Î¤Îª«°Êµü¡C

b. ¿ï¶µ¤¤¶È³Ñ (A) exhibit ²Å¦X±ø¥ó¡A¸m¤J«áªí¦pªG ³o´Tµe¬Æ¦Ü¤£¯à¡uÅã¥Ü¥X¡v³oºØ¿ùı¡A¨º³oºØ²{¶H ¬°¤°»òÁÙ­n¥H¦oªº¦W¦r©R¦W©O?¬G¿ï¤§¡C



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